Which type of cell contains membrane-bound organelles?

Eukaryotic cells are characterized by the presence of membrane-bound organelles, which include structures such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus. These organelles perform specific functions that are essential for the cell's overall operation and allow for compartmentalization of various biochemical processes. This organization enables eukaryotic cells to carry out complex tasks more efficiently than prokaryotic cells, which lack such structures.

In contrast, prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound organelles; their cellular functions occur within the cytoplasm or at the cell membrane. Bacterial cells, which are a type of prokaryotic cell, also do not possess these organelles. While red blood cells are technically eukaryotic in origin, they lose their nuclei and many organelles as they mature, resulting in a unique structure that supports their primary function of transporting oxygen. Thus, the defining feature of eukaryotic cells is their possession of membrane-bound organelles, making this the correct answer.