Which layer of the Earth is described as the atmosphere?

The correct answer identifies the atmosphere as the layer of air above the Earth's surface. The atmosphere consists of a mixture of gases, primarily nitrogen and oxygen, which are vital for supporting life on Earth. It plays a crucial role in protecting the planet from harmful solar radiation and helps regulate temperature through the greenhouse effect.

The atmosphere is essential for weather patterns and climate, influencing everything from rain to winds. Given that the choices relate to distinct Earth layers, this choice accurately represents the atmospheric layer, which is separate from the soil, water bodies, and lithosphere. Understanding the atmosphere’s composition and function helps emphasize its significance in Earth's environmental systems.