What term describes the maximum population that an environment can support without being degraded?

The correct term that describes the maximum population that an environment can support without being degraded is "carrying capacity." While the term "human carrying capacity" specifically refers to the number of humans that an environment can sustain, the general concept of carrying capacity applies to all species within an ecosystem.

This concept is crucial in ecology, as it indicates the balance between population growth and resource availability. When a population exceeds its carrying capacity, it can lead to resource depletion, habitat destruction, and ultimately, a decline in the population itself. Understanding carrying capacity is essential for managing wildlife populations and natural resources sustainably.

The other terms listed refer to different concepts in ecology. Biodiversity relates to the variety of life forms within a certain habitat or ecosystem. Ecological footprint measures the environmental impact of an individual or population in terms of the land and resources required to sustain their lifestyle. Doubling time estimates how long it takes for a population to double in size, which does not directly relate to the maximum population an environment can support.