What term describes areas with an exceptionally high number and variety of species in a small region?

Biodiversity hotspots refer to regions that not only have a significant number of different species but also demonstrate a high level of endemism, meaning many of these species are found nowhere else on the planet. These areas are often characterized by unique ecosystems, such as tropical rainforests or certain coral reefs, where conditions support a great variety of life forms in a relatively small space. The concept of biodiversity hotspots helps highlight regions that are crucial for conservation efforts because they contain a rich array of species while facing threats like habitat destruction and climate change. The focus on conserving biodiversity hotspots is crucial for maintaining ecological balance and ensuring the survival of species that are particularly vulnerable to extinction.