What is the term for the series of changes that happen in an ecosystem over time following a disturbance?

The term that describes the series of changes that occur in an ecosystem over time following a disturbance is succession. Succession refers to the natural process by which ecosystems develop and change, typically starting with pioneer species and gradually progressing to a more complex community. This can happen in various contexts, such as after a forest fire, a volcanic eruption, or the abandonment of farmland.

In primary succession, organisms colonize previously lifeless areas, like bare rock, while secondary succession occurs in areas where an ecosystem has been disturbed but where soil and some organisms still exist, such as after a flood or a fire. Understanding succession is crucial because it illustrates how ecosystems can recover and thrive after disturbances, emphasizing the resilience and dynamic nature of ecological systems.