What is a mutation?

A mutation is defined as a change in the DNA sequence of an organism. This alteration can occur in various ways, such as the substitution of one nucleotide for another, the insertion or deletion of nucleotides, or larger structural changes to chromosomes. Mutations are a key driver of genetic diversity and evolution, as they can lead to new traits or characteristics in organisms. These changes can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful, depending on the environment and how they affect the organism's survival and reproduction. Understanding mutations is crucial in fields like genetics, evolution, and medicine, as they can influence everything from genetic disorders to the development of new species.